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Modern Dance as an American Alternative to Classical Ballet

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554 views

Tatiana Portnova

Department of Art History, Russian State University named after A.N. Kosygin, Moscow, Russian Federation. Email: prof.portnova@nuos.pro

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.71

Abstract

The choreographic art of the United States developed in a new direction and was looking for new forms corresponding to the trends of the modern era in many ways. By the beginning of the 20th century, the classical ballet of the USA rooted in Russian choreographic culture had experienced the lack of the means of expression that could reflect a new range of themes, images, philosophical and artistic concepts that had developed by that time and required a new dance style, genres, aesthetics. Modern dance emerged along with the development of the national political and artistic and creative self-consciousness of Americans in general, during the development of national musical, choreographic, and poetic traditions by cultural figures, who searched for their path in art. The study analyses the features of American modern dance. The artistic and aesthetic principles of modern dance are identified and the historical and cultural prerequisites for the development of the national choreographic school of the United States are revealed. The study uses theoretical methods such as visual and textual analysis of choreographic performances and music for performances, comparison of means of plastic expression, movements and figures of classical ballet and modern dance, principles of stage development of artistic images of performances. The empirical study is based on the generalisation of the practical experience of staging performances by leading American dancers of the 20th century. As a result, it is noted that the features of modern dance are completely different to those of the United States classical ballet, testifying to the desire of Americans to reflect the problems of modernity and convey the unique national character of the United States culture by using elements of African or Indian dances, as well as movements that are not characteristic of classical ballet but reflect the spirit of modernity. The materials of the study are of theoretical and practical value for specialists who work with the problems of culture and art of the 20th century, including modern choreography.

Keywords: US art, avant-garde, choreography, performance, culture.

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Medieval Kazakh History in Arab and Persian Sources

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459 views

Adil Markhaba1*, Islam Zhemeney2, Aman K. Rakhmetullin1, Kalamkas B. Bolatova1 & Aigul S. Adilbayeva1

1Department of History and Social Sciences and Humanities, Kazakh Humanitarian Law Innovative University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. Email: markhaba6563@kpi.com.de

2“Turan-Iran” Research Center, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.70

Abstract

The relevance of this topic lies in the analysis of the study of medieval Kazakh history. After gaining independence, the processes of the revival of national identity, reinstatement of primitive spiritual and moral values and human mentality, which were sharply suppressed during the period of the Soviet totalitarian system, became widespread. Therewith, the widely discussed national-historical structure of the population, the knowledge of ethnic roots, the restoration of traditions and customs, which served as a connecting link, as well as the specificity and originality of the approach are of particular importance. Currently, the problem of objective reading, coverage, and popularisation of the ancient and medieval Kazakh history and culture is acute. By rejecting one-sided interpretations of historical events, established clichés require impartial, academic analysis based on evidence drawn from a wide range of sources. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of the history of Kazakhstan in the 13th-14th centuries, the general laws of world historical development and the features of the historical process, folk traditions by using a scientific and systematic approach. Based on the systematisation and classification of data from the geographical and Arab historical records of the 13th-14th centuries, the analysis of written monuments is performed, their interdependence is established, and the degree of completeness and reliability of the data in the works of the narrative is determined in an integral system. Due to the scientific expeditions and research trips to Mongolia, China, and Germany, Kazakh orientalists analysed and performed the first systematic processing of archival materials and historical evidence of the early history of resettlement based on the ancient Turkic manuscript, ancient Indian, and Chinese sources that formed a picture of the proto and ancient history. For example, the features of stone figures give an idea of the military hierarchy, military operations, the settlement of ethnic groups (ethnogeography), the worldview of the Turks, etc.

Keywords: history of Kazakhstan, written monuments, source study, analysis, Arab and Persian historical works.

Historical Hermeneutics of Musical Styles

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376 views

Olena M. Markova1, Daria V. Androsova1, Olha V. Muravska1, Liliia V. Nieicheva1 & Iryna M. Vlasenko2

1Department of Theoretical and Applied Cultural Studies, Odessa National A.V. Nezhdanova Academy of Music, Odesa, Ukraine. Email: o.markova@singapore-uni.com

2Department of Musicology, Instrumental and Choreographic Training, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.69

Abstract

The relevance of the study of the historical hermeneutics of musical styles is determined by the need to find a philosophical basis for changing the cultural paradigm and the desire to return classical canons to musical art in particular. The aim of the work is to analyse the characteristic features of the interpretation of musical styles in accordance with the principles of historical hermeneutics on the example of jazz music. The research was conducted in two stages on the basis of interdisciplinary, systematic and hermeneutical approaches using general scientific methods of cognition: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison and ascent from the abstract to the concrete. In the process of scientific research, the views of researchers on the interpretation and understanding of hermeneutics in the context of musical art were considered; a general characteristic of the hermeneutics of musical styles in accordance with historical and philosophical prerequisites was given; the main elements of the theoretical model of musical philosophy of interpretation, which include critical interpretation, the purpose of interpretation, compatibility with description and limitation by requirements were described; the author’s concept of interpretation of musical styles, formed at three levels, were proposed; the characteristics of the hermeneutics of jazz style, in particular the presence of musical improvisational discourse, historical duality, transcendentality of content and form, advertising integration are determined; the article summarizes the specifics of jazz in accordance with two components: the European harmonic system and the fret principles of blues intonation, which made it possible to identify and generalize the theory of interpretation of jazz in the historical and philosophical paradigm. The practical value of scientific work consists in providing a comprehensive hermeneutical base of jazz style in order to further improve the practical application of musical style by teachers, students, musicians and specialists in the field of musical art.

Keywords: philosophical interpretation, semantics, jazz, musical composition, improvisation.

Digital Dose of Didactics: Reinforcing Patriarchy through Moral Stories on YouTube

357 views

Gopika Sankar U.

Assistant Professor, Dept. of English, University of Hyderabad. Email: ullatgopika@gmail.com

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.68

Abstract

Should girls get a formal education? Should women earn? And who should handle the money they earn, if at all? Can a woman’s personality be tied to learning and earning? These questions may be easily overlooked in the 21st century, when women have forayed into almost all possible careers. However, these and more questions related to women’s education, employment and empowerment find clear answers in the so-called moral stories in Hindi and other Indian languages, one finds on YouTube these days. The paper analyzes a selection of such stories centered on women and argues how these ‘moral stories’ ultimately emerge as schemes to keep the patriarchal structure alive by creating an easily accessible digital repository, and end up patronizing women in the pretext of empowering them. The paper focuses particularly on the idea of ‘moral’ these stories contain and argues that the moral messages they convey are actually detrimental to the empowerment of women as their deep structures work to cement the foundations of patriarchy.

Keywords: Moral, Digital, YouTube, Stories, Patriarchy.

The Voice and the Gaze as ‘objet petit a’

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668 views

Utsav Banerjee

University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad. Email: banerjee.utsav@gmail.com.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-6345

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.67

Abstract

Repression of the Real is a function of the coming-into-being of the Symbolic Order. That which is repressed resurfaces in the Symbolic, thereby threatening its order. What resurfaces is the non-repressible remainder, an excess that can neither be conceptualized nor can be eliminated. This remainder of the Real is what Lacan refers to as objet petit a or simply objet a. Objet is French for object, petit is French for small, and a is the first letter in the French autre, meaning other. In casual English translation, therefore, the objet a is essentially the small other. For Lacan, the objet a is a signifier of the Real that is lost in the process of symbolic constitution of the subject which resurfaces in the Symbolic Order. Its name is a misnomer in that it is not an object at all. It is rather a non-object because what is originarily lost is nothing—the original loss or the lost object is only a retroactive construction. And it is this loss that becomes the cause of desire, precisely because of the fact as a loss/lack it provides the necessary immaterial basis for desire—we desire what we have lost or currently lack. In other words, objet a is the object-cause of desire. It is equivalent of the partial object in Freud. Freud speaks of three partial objects—namely, breasts, faeces, and phallus; in Lacan, we find two more—namely, the voice and the gaze. This paper examines the voice and the gaze as objet a in Lacan.

Keywords: objet a, repression, the gaze, Lacanian Real, partial object.

Sexual Revictimization: Reflections from Contemporary Feminism

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366 views

Leyla Torres-Bravo

Instituto de Estudios Humanísticos,Universidad de Talca (Chile). Email: ltorres@utalca.cl

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.66

Abstract

This article reviews the concept of revictimization taking into consideration several interdisciplinary perspectives.  Based on this premise, we analyze how contemporary feminism expands on violence against women.  After the said analysis, we explore recent studies on sexual revictimization to study how feminism has reflected and intervened in society and academia to provide greater visibility to the multiple phenomena involved in revictimization.

Keywords: revictimization, sexual revictimization, violence, contemporary feminism, survivors.

Modern Linguistic Technologies: Strategy for Teaching Translation Studies

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526 views

Bilous O1, Mishchenko A2, Datska T3, Ivanenko N4, Kit L5, Piankovska I6 & Vereshchak Y7

1PhD, Full-Professor of German at the Department of Translation, Applied and General Linguistics, Dean of the School of Foreign Languages, Department of Translation, Applied and General Linguistics, the School of Foreign Languages, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

2Phd, Full-Professor of German, Department of Translation, Applied and General Linguistics, the School of Foreign Languages, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

3Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Department of the English Language and Methods of Teaching, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

4Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Department of the English Language and Methods of Teaching, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

5German Language Instructor, Department of Translation, Applied and General Linguistics, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

6Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of the German Language and Methodology of Teaching, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

7English Language Instructor, Department of Translation, Applied and General Linguistics, the School of Foreign Languages, Language Center Director, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.

Corresponding e-mail: gridina-98@bk.ru

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.65

Abstract

How often students use IT resources is a key factor in the acquisition of skills associated to the new technologies. Strategies aimed at increasing student autonomy need to be developed and should offer resources that encourage them to make use of computing tools in class hours. The analysis of the modern linguistic technologies, concerning intellectual language processing necessary for the creation and function of the highly effective technologies of knowledge operation was considered in the paper under consideration. Computerization of the information sphere has triggered extensive search for solving the problem of the use of natural language mechanisms in automated systems of various types. One of them was creating Controlled languages based on a set of features which made machine translation more refined. Triggered by the economic demand, they are not artificial languages like Esperanto, but natural simplified languages, in terms of vocabulary, grammatical and syntactic structures. More than ever, the tasks of modern computer linguistics behold creating software for natural language processing, information retrieval in large data sets, support of technical authors in the process of creating professional texts and users of computer technology, hence creating new translation tools. Such powerful linguistic resources as corpora of texts, terminology databases and ontologies may facilitate more efficient use of modern multilingual information technology. Creating and improving all methods considered will help make the job of a translator more efficient. One of the programs, CLAT does not aim at producing machine translation, but allows technical editors to create flawless, sequential professional texts through integrated punctuation and spelling modules. Other programs under consideration are to be implemented in Ukrainian translation departments.  Moreover, the databases considered in the paper enable studying of the dynamics of the linguistic system and developing areas of applied research such as terminography, terminology, automated data processing etc. Effective cooperation of developers, translators and declarative institutes in the creation of innovative linguistic technologies will promote further development of translation and applied linguistics.

Keywords: computer linguistics, linguistic technology, teaching, machine translation, integrated translation tools, CLAT technology.

Implementation of Tax Incentives to Avoid Unemployment Caused by the Economic Situation due to the COVID-19 Health Emergency in Mexico

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326 views

Mariangel Salazar

Autonomous University of Queretaro. Email: mariangelsalazarsoto@gmail.com

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.64

Abstract

Since the end of March 2020 millions, as the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a health emergency, working people had to stay at home, telework or had to face consequences of the crisis such as low wages or layoffs.[i] In Mexico unemployment became a major problem for the economy. Although the country took measures to contain the imp act of the pandemic on the labor market, these have not been sufficient; the development and implementation of activities that create incentive or promotions are indispensable components of the recovery or sustainability of industries in times of crisis[ii]. According to Article 25 of the Political Constitution of Mexico[iii], the State is responsible for guiding national development and ensure that it is comprehensive and sustainable; the State shall, according to the Constitutional provision, ensure the stability of public finances and the financial system to help generate favorable conditions for economic growth and employment[iv]. I shall argue however that the fiscal policies implemented to contribute as determining factors in the sector of growing unemployment due to the COVID-19 pandemic have not been adequate even though the optimal measures were being taken under a more socialist system of governance in place during the two years.

Keywords: Unemployment, COVID 19, national development, economic growth, Tax Incentives, Mexico

[i] Feix, N. (2020). México y la crisis de la COVID-19 en el mundo del trabajo: respuestas y desafíos. Organización Internacional del Trabajo, 2. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—americas/—ro-lima/—ilo-mexico/documents/publication/wcms_757364.pdf.

[ii] Hernández, N., Clark, P., & Torres, L. (2021). El mercado laboral mexicano tras un año de pandemia.  Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad, A.C., 10-12. https://imco.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/202518-IMCO-analiza-Mercado-laboral-tras-un-an%CC%83o-de-pandemia_Documento.pdf.

[iii] Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, Diario Oficial de la Federación, México, 05 de Febrero de 1917.

[iv] Estrella, V. (2021). Tras pandemia, solo cinco estados amortiguan desocupación al cierre del 2020. El Economista. https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/estados/Tras-pandemia-solo-cinco-estados-amortiguan-desocupacion-al-cierre-del-2020-20210121-0150.html.

A New Airport in Mexico: Feasibility of Socialist Style Infrastructure in a Private Capital Economy

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342 views

Budhaditya Mukherjee

Autonomous University of Queretaro. Email: budhadityamukherjee2000@gmail.com

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.63

Abstract

This paper is based on the positive correlation between projects of infrastructure developed by the government, and the indicators of general well-being of populations in adjoining areas where such constructive changes have been effected. To study the multifactorial effects of the development of a welfare state, we have studied the economic projections associated with the construction of AIFA (Felipe Angeles International Airport), a new airport in Mexico, which was undertaken completely as a government-funded project and developed as a national infrastructure project by the military establishment. Information on projected investments and downstream investments and local employment from the Secretary of Agrarian Development and Tourism (SEDATU) and the Secretary of Public Finances (Forbes) for the new airport AIFA are compared and analyzed with similar projects in other privately developed infrastructure projects and their calculated impact in order to suggest how well-being (achieved through such indices as employment and the generation of micro-enterprises) would pan out for the economy in the State of Mexico, where the new public-funded projects are envisioned. Projections based on available information suggest that the construction of a public infrastructure module can be achieved under economic constraints, focusing on lower spending from the public budget; however, there is a lack of information and transparent policy decisions to indicate growth for entrepreneurs in the local economy, and neither any projected information on opportunities of further private or public investments associated with the airport.  A socialist-style public investment project, engineered by the state military, may need more transparency and engagement on behalf of entrepreneurs.

Keywords: Mexico, welfare state, new airport, general well-being, micro-enterprises, national infrastructure, privately developed infrastructure, socialist-style public investment project

Contemporary Art in Applied Dimensions: A Reflective Review of Art as Therapeutic Process

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345 views

Oscar López

Master of Arts, University of Guanajuato. Email: oskr_caleb@hotmail.com

Volume 13, Number 4, 2021 I Full-Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n4.62

Abstract

A common perception about contemporary art is the perception that it excludes a majority of people as being its legitimate viewers or judges, by virtue of the fact that it contains exclusive or encrypted messages. A small, privileged group of experts grant value, acceptance and endow public popularity of such works for the market and media. In this research we seek to provide an insight into a cluster of contemporary abstract art forms and show how such art forms anticipate closer and more common sensory and hermeneutic experience. Art like that of Hamish Fulton is built on experiences that enables us to connect with them, thereby redefining the concepts and ideas of these arts through an alternative phenomenological experience of their methods and processes of making art. Fulton’s art is based on a visual translation of his experiences of healing walks through mountainous terrain. We may build a personal, general methodology of interpretation by building personal synergistic links with the methods of creation – that could in turn generate therapeutic effects both in the viewer or in the interpreter of such art, through self-reflection and re-construction of the concepts proposed in the framing. Likewise, we will reflect briefly on art therapeutic projects that we studied for patients with ADHD. We analyze the expressions and suggest a method of therapeutic art creation based on similar processes as in Fulton.

Keywords: Contemporary art, experientiality, hermeneutics, method, phenomenological therapy

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