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The audience and the star: Genre as the interface and expectation-fulfillment as the catalyst of their relationship

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360 views

Bikash Ch. Bhowmick

Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies and Journalism, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB). ORCID: 0000-0003-0830-1986. Email: bikash.bhowmick@ulab.edu.bd,

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.36
The audience and the star: Genre as the interface and expectation-fulfillment as the catalyst of their relationship

Abstract

This article explores the relationship between a film audience and a film star. It assumes that the genre is a common ground or interface where an actor – who then becomes the star, and an audience meet together and afterward the expectations of that audience become the key player to push forward the relationship between them. In forging the relationship between two parties, the genre takes the responsibility of constructing an actor’s star-personality and of shaping the spectator’s size of a distinct kind. To substantiate the argument, the essay discusses audiences’ inscribed entity and construction of a star under the title ‘the star – a construction of the negotiations’; the dynamics of their relationship under the title ‘audience expectation and their relationship with the Star’ and finally, in conclusion, it highlights the genre’s intermediary contribution to the relationship. The author has taken the critical/theoretical approach; therefore heavily relied on existing literature and theories (e.g. psychoanalysis, star theory).  Primary data has also been used in support of the arguments. Survey questionnaires and in-depth interviews have been used as methods of primary data collection.

Keywords: audience, expectation-fulfillment, catalyst, genre, relationship, star

Non-Verbal Signs and Secret Communication as Universal Signs of Intercultural Communication

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609 views

Altyn N. Muratova1, Shara Mazhitayeva1, Bayan Zh. Sarybayeva2, Aiman Kelmaganbetova1, Zhanar Kulibekova3  

1Buketov Karaganda University, Ulitsa Universitatskaja, 28, Karaganda, Kazakhstan

2Pavlodar Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan

3M. Kozybaev North Kazakhstan State University, Kazakhstan

Contact: s_mazhit@mail.ru

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.35

Non-Verbal Signs and Secret Communication as Universal Signs of Intercultural Communication

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the national cognitive nature, the hidden essence of non-verbal techniques. The main purpose of the study is to prove that, based on materials on nonverbal uses in language, they are used to convey a confidential, hidden message, to show that in international communication there is a change in the semantics of nonverbal actions depending on the culture and individual knowledge of each nation. Methods In human life, in parallel with verbal communication, an experiment was conducted on nonverbal techniques, sometimes used in pure form and used to convey a secret and hidden message. The article presents an analysis based on a statistical method compared with some kinemes used in a common language. In the studies on non-verbal techniques, it is noted that they perform a main function in the relations between people. In this article, in the course of analyzing the nature of nonverbal techniques, we characterized some kinemes used depending on the worldview of the Kazakh people, and concluded that their background is directly related to the mystery. Application of the study: the results, materials, and conclusions of the work can be used in the history of language, sociolinguistics, and paralinguistic studies, and allow researchers of gesture semantics to explore nonverbal techniques from a new perspective. Scientists-linguists, psychologists have created many works related to the definition of human nature, character, and the place of nonverbal techniques in the speech act. However, it was not said that auxiliary means located outside the language will be used to transmit confidential, non-public information. In this work, we stopped at the place of nonverbal methods of transmitting confidential, hidden information and analyzed the functions in confidential communication.

Keywords: nonverbal communication, communication, cognition, secret communication, kineme.

Visualizing Memory Scapes: A Spatio- Affective Study of Select War Memorials of Jammu and Kashmir

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367 views

Ritika Pathania1 and Raj Thakur2

1PhD. Department of English, Central University of Jammu, J&K, India. Address: H.no. 218- E, Sainik Colony, Jammu-180011, J&K, India. Email: ritika9feb@gmail.com. Orcid id- https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-7588

2PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Central University of Jammu. Bagla (Rahya Suchani) Distt. Samba, J&K, India. Email: thakurraj.13@gmail.com. Orcid id- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6962-3658

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.34

Visualizing Memory Scapes: A Spatio- Affective Study of Select War Memorials of Jammu and Kashmir

Abstract

The paper through iconographic and spatial dynamics, critically engages with the performative aspect of the select war memorial sites in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. While the interdisciplinary study of war memorials in relation to memory and commemorative politics have been studied, its materialistic aesthetics informed through spatial and affective contours  remains a burgeoning field of enquiry if not an unexampled one. The study is premised on the photographic field work of the sites envisioned through the cultural geography of war memorials. In approaching war memorial sites as a landscape of memory, we take the position that memory is simultaneously a material and immaterial phenomenon and these cannot be detached from affective and visceral human bonds and their roles in (re-)formulations in space and place. The materialistic aesthetics of memory- memorial continuum are ideated through spatial and affective contours, which, in turn, inform the predominant and everyday experience of grief and bereavement, both imagined and lived. The study dominantly attests its claims through Foucault’s concept of ‘heterotopia’ in relation to commemorative sites. The heterotopic tensions of multiple experiences and belongings are unpacked through both tangible and affective domains ranging from dominant public commemorative sites to parks and shopping complexes.

Keywords: war memorials, memory, spatiality, affect, Jammu and Kashmir

India nel quattrocento: Fifteenth-Century Italian Travel Writings on India

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387 views

Jitamanyu Das

Doctoral Candidate (JRF), Department of English, Jadavpur University, ORCID: 0000-0001-5845-8098,  jitamanyudas@gmail.com,

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.33

India nel quattrocento: Fifteenth-Century Italian Travel Writings on India

Abstract

Fifteenth-century Italian travel narratives on India by Nicolò dei Conti and Gerolamo di Santo Stefano present a detailed account of the India they visited, following the narrative tradition of the Italian Marco Polo. These narratives of the Renaissance were published as descriptive authorial texts of travellers to the East. Their importance was due to the authors’ detailed first-hand experiences of the societies and cultures that they encountered, as well as the various trade centres of the period. These narratives were utilised by merchants, explorers, and Jesuits for a variety of purposes. The narratives of Nicolò dei Conti and Gerolamo di Santo Stefano thus became indispensable tools that were later distorted through numerous translations to suit the politics of Orientalism for the emerging colonial enterprises. In my paper, I have attempted a re-reading of the particular texts to identify how Italy saw India, while illustrating through their history of publication the transformation that these narratives underwent later in order to objectify India in the West through the lens of Orientalism in their manner of representation.

Keywords: India, Italian Travel Writing, Orientalism, Renaissance, Translation

Linguistic nationalism in early-colonial Assam: The American Baptist Mission and Orunodoi

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358 views

Arnab Dasgupta

Asst. Professor, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3394-4564. Email: adasgupta@hrc.du.ac.in

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.32

Linguistic nationalism in early-colonial Assam: The American Baptist Mission and Orunodoi

Abstract

This paper will attempt to map the emergence of linguistic nationalism as a direct offshoot of the language debate in early-colonial Assam. In 1836, Bengali was made the language of courts and schools in Assam. Ten years later, the Baptist Mission at Sadiya started publishing a monthly magazine called Orunodoi. Orunodoi gradually became a critical instrument in the effort to reinstate Assamese as the language of the province’s courts and schools. How did the emergent public sphere react to the debate on language? What was the power dynamic between an emergent native intelligentsia, the Baptist Mission and the colonial state in early-colonial Assam? What are the factors that prevented Assamese from being reinstated as the language of courts and schools in Assam until 1873? Was the debate on language merely about imposition of a ‘foreign’ language, or was the discourse more fluid with concerns like language standardisation operating as undercurrents? Can the language debate in early-colonial Assam be isolated as the first assertion of a sub-national identity based upon cultural and linguistic ‘uniqueness’? Through an analysis of some articles published in Orunodoi, read along with private letters and official correspondences of the American Baptist Mission in Assam, this paper will attempt to address some of these questions and recover the context of the debate around language in nineteenth-century Assam.

Keywords:  Assam, Colonial, Print culture, Linguistic nationalism, American Baptist Mission

Linguocultural Anatomical Code: Concept of Sacredness

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363 views

Moldir A. Alshynbaeva1, Shara Mazhitayeva2, Bektursyn Kaliyev3,  Nurgul Nygmetova4, Gulbaram S. Khamzina5

1 Graduate Student, Buketov Karaganda University, Kazakhstan. E-mail: a_moon86@mail.ru

2Doctor in Philology, Professor, Buketov Karaganda University, Kazakhstan. Orcid: 0000-0002-0557-5423. E-mail: s_mazhit@mail.ru. 

3Candidate of Philology, Buketov Karaganda University, Kazakhstan. E-mail: Kaliev-69@mail.ru

4Candidate of Philology, Karaganda State Technical University, Kazakhstan. Orcid: 0000-0002-6421-8231. E-mail: nurgul_tursynovna@mai.ru  

5PhD, M.Kozybaev North Kazakhstan State University, Kazakhstan. Orcid: 0000-0002-7329-6258. E-mail: Gulzada_76@mail.ru 

 Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.31

Linguocultural Anatomical Code: Concept of Sacredness

Abstract

The article examines the Kazakh people’s linguocultural anatomical code, which has developed due to nomadic culture over the centuries and reflected their beliefs, rituals, rites, and traditions. The linguocultural code is viewed as a secondary modeling semiotic system, or as a connotative semiotics. Certain anatomical concepts, i.e. body parts, bones, and internal organs serve as the cultural code’s elements. Culturally conditioned sacral significance, tracing to pagan magic, myths, and legends, is revealed in their lexical and phraseological representations in the connotative meaning. Thus, the article analyzes such concepts as 12 (on eki) múshe, jauyryn, ókpe.  12 (on eki) múshe serves as the basic concept of the Kazakh anatomical code, defining views on human and animals’ anatomy, the role and functions of certain anatomical concepts in spiritual, religious, and ritual-rite culture. A high degree of sacredness of the named concepts, depending on the level of linguistic unit total number and cultural sacred meaning units, was identified as well. Thus, the purpose of our article is to identify the specifics of the Kazakh anatomical linguocultural code by analyzing certain sacred concepts, verbalized in the names of skeleton, bones, some inner organs, as well as to define the degree of their sacredness, preserved in the modern Kazakh language. We have developed the methodology for studying these concepts, based on the secondary semiotic sign analysis, i.e. lexical and phraseological verbal units and their semantics: denotative and connotative, and defined certain concepts’ sacredness degree.

Keywords: concept sacredness, a symbolic animal, anatomical linguocultural code

Melodrama, Ascetic Modality, and Communist Self-fashioning: Mukhamukham and the Communist Hero in Malayalam Cinema

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461 views

P. Muhammed Afzal

Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sceinces, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India-333031. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9989-6251. E-mail: muhammed.p@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in

 Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.30

Melodrama, Ascetic Modality, and Communist Self-fashioning: Mukhamukham and the Communist Hero in Malayalam Cinema

Abstract

This paper treats the Malayalam film Mukhamukham and the debates it engendered in the Kerala public sphere about the history and legacy of communism as an archive of passions and disavowals that have shaped the political subjectivities in contemporary Kerala and explores how the film offers a critique of the Left popular in Kerala. Through a critique of the ascetic modality of the communist hero, Mukhamukham offers a critique of the representative strategies through which the communist hero was produced in the early Left political melodramas in Malayalam, which have been a significant part of the Left’s constitutive role in the construction of the domain of the popular in Kerala. The attempt in this paper is to read the film as one that, while marked by liberal prejudices, offers a critique of the Left popular and certain prevailing notions on the Left in Kerala. The paper explores how the film represents the figure of the revolutionary; and the shift from the melodramatic conventions of the construction of the revolutionary figure that Gopalakrishnan attempts in the film.

Keywords: melodrama, Left popular, Communist self-fashioning, Malayalam cinema, Kerala

Cognitive & Pragmatic Approach to the Phraseological Intensifiers of Political Discourse

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335 views

Nadejda Zubareva1 & Iroda Siddikova2

PhD Candidate1.  DSc, Professor2. Comparative Linguistics Department, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek. Contact: zubarevan@yahoo.com

 Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.29

Cognitive & Pragmatic Approach to the Phraseological Intensifiers of Political Discourse

Abstract

The present paper reports on a study that aims to explore the cognitive and pragmatic potential of leveraging phraseological intensifiers in English political discourse. The authors argue that the phraseological intensifiers of political discourse could not be discussed without any contribution to the extra-linguistic context. Therefore, the present study works with a cognitive linguistic explanation of the phraseological intensifiers used by English politicians and journalists as well as performed pragmatic impact that aimed to foster the relevant conceptualization process. The suggestion of phraseological intensifiers depends on context linguistic meaning in the employed by the authors cognitive-pragmatic paradigm. This paper also denotes a wide range of relative to intensity categories, which should be distinguished from it. Such an analysis allows the authors to account for the wide distribution of intensifiers and their co-occurrence with categories that do not encode degree variables. The results of the study show that phraseological intensifiers significantly outperformed in the degree of pragmatic suggestion in political discourse and made use of them in a more appropriate way.

Keywords: Intensification; Phraseological Intensifiers; Cognitive; Pragmatic; Political discourse.

Gendered Parenting influence on Children’s Socialization to Gender Stereotype in Marital life

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537 views

Nisrutha Dulla & Sugyanta Priyadarshini

1,2 School of Humanities, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India

1nisrutha@gmail.com, 2sugyanta.priyadarshini@kiit.ac.in

1 ORCID: 0000-0003-0365-8281. 2ORCID: 0000-0001-7660-6162

 Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.28

Gendered Parenting influence on Children’s Socialization to Gender Stereotype in Marital life

Abstract

This research work draws attention towards heated debate on transfer of gender biased ideology to generations embedding from gendered parenting. Gendered parenting has the potential to be a breeding ground for fueling the belief of gender stereotyping in the minds of their offsprings. This notion of gender stereotyping has created a picture in the heads of the descendants regarding the fixed gender roles which develops gendered socialization in governing the social world from the lens of gender biasness. The objective of the study is to examine empirically the impact of gendered parenting on gendered socialization in their children’s marital life. The study adopts thirty-two-items scale devised by Brogan & Kutner (1976) and eight- items scale under Gender Role Stereotype Scale (2012) by taking into consideration a sample size of eight hundred respondents comprising of highly educated married professionals and their parents. The findings revealed that children have rightly perceived their parent’s act of gender stereotype in their childhood. Consequently, despite being highly educated, the act of gender stereotyping continues in their married life as they burgeoned under the reflection of gendered parenting. Furthermore, it is also interpreted in the analysis that the female respondents are adversely affected by the pervasive bias and prejudices of gender stereotype in professional life in comparison to the male respondents. The study makes efforts to enhance the understanding of the community of parents to limit the transmission of gendered ideology to their next generations, thereby, progressing towards egalitarian society.

Keywords: Gender, Gendered Parenting, Gender Stereotype, Gender Socialization, Marriage, Couples.

Age, Feeling and Experience Framing a Modernist Vision in Panait Istrati’s Stavro

344 views

Dana Radler

Bucharest University of Economic Studies. Faculty of International Business & Economics

daniela.radler@rei.ase.ro, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0059-0832

 Volume 13, Number 1, 2021 I Full Text PDF
DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v13n1.27

Age, Feeling and Experience Framing a Modernist Vision in Panait Istrati’s Stavro

Abstract

In Stavro, the first opening piece of Kyra Kyralina (published in 1923), the narrative focuses on the actions taken and the reactions shown or concealed by three male characters in alternation, with particular emphasis on gender, age, and experience. In between traditionally built sections and ample back-storytelling, the story addresses the key learning stances adopted by the three male characters at the end of a short trip that they complete together: reserve, reclusion and (self-)reflection. How does a modernist vision frame one’s identity against age, common social norms and openly manifested repression in small urban neighbourhoods? Can one protagonist’s understanding about his sexual orientation be genuinely shared with others? In what way does Stavro’s personal experience alienate his prospects of family life in the port of Br?ila? This paper aims to decode the narrative based on modern confession, continuity versus fragmentation, sexuality and modes of memory alter(n)ation.

Keywords: Panait Istrati, Stavro, modernism, confession, sexuality, memory.

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