V16N22024 – Page 2 – Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities

Loving and Terrible Mother: An Archetypal Redefinition of African Motherhood in Beloved

Gender Studies/Postmodern/V16N22024

87 views

Aviti Latha^1* & Bhavani S²
¹Research Scholar, Department of English, Christ University, Bangalore, India.
²Assistant Professor and Associate Dean, The Department of English, Christ University, Bangalore, India.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.22g}
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Abstract

The memories of past experiences have an unconscious influence on the present. In her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison vividly portrays the atrocities of slavery, shedding light on the enduring psychic wounds inflicted upon subjugated Black women and their motherhood. This study explores the embedded memories, trauma, and dehumanization that control and distort the ability of Black individuals to respond to the human experiences of maternal bonds. While existing literature has extensively explored motherhood, a gap remains in understanding the archetypal development within the fragmented psyche of tormented mothers. Drawing from Carl Jung and Eric Neumann’s collective unconscious and mother archetype concept, this interdisciplinary research aims to identify and examine the dual nature of motherhood – the loving and the terrible. By analyzing the reasons behind this duality, we seek to redefine motherhood, considering the exhibition of two contradictory natures among oppressed mothers.

Keywords: Psyche, Collective Unconscious, archetypes, loving and terrible mother.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 29 February 2024. Revised: 19 June 2024. Accepted: 19 June 2024. First published: 20 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Latha, A. & Bhavani, S. (2024). Loving and Terrible Mother: An Archetypal Redefinition of African Motherhood in Beloved. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.22g

Unravelling the Ethical Enigma of Human Cloning in Nancy Farmer’s The House of the Scorpion

Health Humanities/V16N22024

95 views

M. Dhandapani^1* & S. Boopathi²
¹PhD Research Scholar, Department of English, Periyar University. *Corrresponding author.
²Assistant Professor, Department of English, Periyar University.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.21g}
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Abstract

Nancy Farmer’s novel The House of the Scorpion deals with complex ethical dilemmas stemming from scientific advancements, particularly in cloning. The story unfolds in a dystopian society, focusing on the treatment of clones—subhuman beings relegated to slaughter or servitude. These clones provoke profound questions about human rights, autonomy, and the impact of technology. The paper scrutinizes their status as human entities, revealing the ethical violations perpetrated against them. By drawing insights from scholars like Childress, Beauchamp, Leon R. Kass, and James Q. Wilson, the study provides a nuanced exploration of the ethical dimensions surrounding clone treatment and its broader implications for autonomy.

Keywords: Autonomy, biotechnology, ethics, The House of the Scorpion, human cloning.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 29 February 2024. Revised: 17 June 2024. Accepted: 18 June 2024. First published: 20 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Dhandapani, M. & Boopathi, S. (2024). Unravelling the Ethical Enigma of Human Cloning in Nancy Farmer’s The House of the Scorpion. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.21g

Acceptance of Sexual and Gender Minorities through Romance TV Drama Series with LGBT Characters: The Voices of College Students in Thailand

Gender Studies/V16N22024

124 views

Yuki Amaki
Faculty of Literature, Taisho University, Tokyo, Japan.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.20g}
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Abstract

This study focused on the views of 77 current college students in Thailand on gay-related romantic TV dramas and their social impact. The survey aims to determine how gay-related romantic dramas affect the understanding of and discrimination against LGBTQ+ people in Thai society and to propose solutions based on the results. The survey results suggest that gay-related romantic dramas may have an impact on social perceptions and tolerance toward LGBTQ+ people. Positive opinions emphasized that the dramas promote understanding between different generations and cultures and provide opportunities to accept LGBTQ+ identities. On the other hand, negative opinions expressed concern that the dramas are removed from reality and do not adequately reflect the real situations and issues of LGBTQ+ people. Based on these findings, this study provides valuable suggestions for improving LGBTQ+ public awareness and understanding. These recommendations aim to enhance public awareness and comprehension of LGBTQ+ matters, with the understanding that the students’ voices are crucial in this process.

Keywords: LGBTQ+, Romantic TV Series, Diversity Representation, Media, College Students, Thailand.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 28 February 2024. Revised: 13 June 2024. Accepted: 15 June 2024. First published: 18 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Amaki, Y. (2024). Acceptance of Sexual and Gender Minorities through Romance TV Drama Series with LGBT Characters: The Voices of College Students in Thailand. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.20g

Precarious Lives of the Proletariat: Exploring the Human-Induced Catastrophe in the web series The Railway Men: The Untold Story of Bhopal 1984 (2023)

Film & Media Studies/V16N22024

126 views

Shibu Gorai^1* & Shri Krishan Rai²
¹ Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Durgapur. *Corresponding author.
²Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Durgapur.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.19g}
^{Full-Text PDF Issue Access}

Abstract

This study explores the concept of ‘slow violence,’ a term coined by Rob Nixon to describe the insidious, often unnoticed effects of power imbalances over time. It examines how ‘state vampirism’ and ‘industrial capitalism’ oppress marginalized populations, with a focus on India’s dependency on countries like the USA. The research juxtaposes exploitation and deprivation in human-induced disasters, such as the Bhopal Gas tragedy (1984) and Chornobyl (1986), through the lens of Marxist subalternism. It also analyzes the portrayal of these themes in the 2023 Netflix series “The Railway Men: The Untold Story of Bhopal 1984,” highlighting the plight of slum dwellers near Bhopal’s carbide factory. Ultimately, this paper questions the victimization process by capitalist multinationals, positioning Bhopal as a prime example of ‘corporate violence.’

Keywords: Precarity, slow violence, Marxist subalternism, Bhopal gas tragedy, state vampirism

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 28 February 2024. Revised: 14 June 2024. Accepted: 15 June 2024. First published: 18 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Gorai, S. & Rai, S. K. (2024). Precarious Lives of the Proletariat: Exploring the Human-Induced Catastrophe in the web series The Railway Men: The Untold Story of Bhopal 1984 (2023). Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.19g

Exploring the Complexity of Mauli: An Analysis of Solidarity, Speech Community, Religion, and Gender in Marathi Address Term Usage

Cultural Studies/Linguistics/V16N22024

184 views

Hanamant Metkari¹, Kaniphnath Malhari Kudale^2* & M Raja Vishwanathan³
¹Assistant Professor Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad Telangana.
² Assistant Professor (Visiting) National Institute of Technology Warangal, Telangana. *Corresponding author.
³ Associate Professor National Institute of Technology Warangal Telangana.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.18g}
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Abstract

This paper delves into the intricate semantic nuances and sociopragmatic functions inherent in the Marathi address term “mauli” in the context of a colossal religious gathering. Through morphosyntactic analysis, it uncovers the term’s grammatical gender and its generic usage to encompass feminine and motherly attributes, embracing inclusiveness and generosity. Drawing from primary data collected during the Asadhi pilgrimage of 2023 through semi-structured interviews and participant observations, supplemented by secondary sources such as albums and songs, the study quantitatively and qualitatively examines the frequency and contextual use of “mauli”. Findings reveal its multifaceted sociopragmatic functions, including identity establishment, solidarity marking, politeness expression, and religiosity demonstration. However, its efficacy is constrained by temporal and spatial limitations, potentially hindering broader societal benefits. This exploration sheds light on the complex interplay between linguistic expressions, social dynamics, and religious practices within the Marathi cultural milieu.

Keywords– Address terms, Marathi language, Sociopragmatic functions, Identity negotiation, Gender discourse Asadhi pilgrimage, Mauli, Sociolinguistics, Politeness strategies, Pandharpur

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 01 February 2024. Revised: 13 June 2024. Accepted: 14 June 2024. First published: 18 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Metkari, H., Kudale, K. M. & Vishwanathan, M. R. (2024). Exploring the Complexity of M?uli: An Analysis of Solidarity, Speech Community, Religion, and Gender in Marathi Address Term Usage. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.18g

Navigating Multiple Burdens among Women in Government Service

Gender Studies/V16N22024

88 views

Cherry Ann B. Chagyowen
Instructor III, School of Healthcare Education, Mountain Province State Polytechnic College, Philippines.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.17g}
^{Full-Text PDF Issue Access}

Abstract

This study investigates the lived experiences of government-employed mothers in Sabangan, Mountain Province, Philippines, who juggle work, family, and community roles without domestic help. Employing descriptive phenomenology and thematic analysis, the research examines the effects of these multiple burdens on nine participants from various government institutions. Findings highlight both positive outcomes, like happiness and fulfillment, and negative impacts, such as exhaustion and stress. The study reveals strategies these women use to mitigate adverse effects and suggests policy changes for better government support. Recommendations include extended parental leave, more holidays, reduced work hours, and accessible childcare. The study underscores the need for shared familial responsibilities and legislative backing to aid working mothers in managing their multifaceted roles.

Keywords:Multiple Burdens; Working Mothers; Roles; Effects; Management

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 22 February 2024. Revised: 14 June 2024. Accepted: 15 June 2024. First published: 17 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Chagyowen, C. A. B. (2024). Navigating Multiple Burdens among Women in Government Service. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.17g

Desiring audiences: We will go to the cinema if…?

Film & Media Studies/V16N22024

112 views

Bikash Ch. Bhowmick
Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies and Journalism, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB), Bangladesh

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.16g}
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Abstract

Beginning in the 1990s, Bangladeshi cinema began to lose its audiences significantly. This leads to the continual closure of cinema halls, one after another. Popular perception is that Bangladeshi audiences watch foreign films, Indian popular films in particular, and television programs using home-viewing facilities. Mainstream filmmakers and producers in Bangladesh argue that when audiences can almost effortlessly access similar contents at home and so they do not go to the theatres. This study, therefore, explores how the audiences decide about a film (irrespective of the origin of production) to watch, what satisfies their viewing, and their disinclination to watch cinema at the theatre in Bangladesh. A total of 100 regular movie-viewers participated in the survey interviews. The findings confirm that for most of the viewers, the trailer of a film, known or favorite actors and/or actresses, and cinema viewers or cinema-goers’ feedback are the three key sources based on which they decide whether to watch a film or not. Relying on these sources, they want confirmation that the film(s) they will watch must have all the necessary components contributing to their viewing satisfaction. The story itself, the craft of storytelling, performance, and dialogues through which characters of the story reach the audience, good making that creates reality, known (star) actors and actresses, and visual spectacle are found to be the primary elements that produce audiences viewing satisfaction. Though most respondents conditionally agreed that they prefer to watch films at theatres, films screened there are found unworthy of watching. Their leisureless lifestyle considerably contributed to this disinclination toward cinema-going.

Keywords: Cinema-going, cinema-viewing, desiring audience, storytelling, viewers’ satisfaction.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The Office of Faculty Research of the University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB) funded this work.
Article History:Received: 21 February 2024. Revised: 05 June 2024. Accepted: 06 June 2024. First published: 07 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Bhowmick, B. C. (2024). Desiring audiences: We will go to the cinema if…?. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.16g

The Rhetorical Uneasiness: A Study of Rebecca Whittington’s Translation of Jibanananda Das’s Malloban

Bangla Literature/Translation/V16N22024

142 views

Sampriti Bhattacharyya^1* , Mallika Ghosh Sarbadhikary²
^1,2Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur. *Corresponding author.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.15g}
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Abstract

This paper aims to explore the translation of socio-cultural and rhetorical nuances of language between Bangla and English with a case of the translation of Jibanananda Das’s 1973 novel Malloban by Rebecca Whittington in 2022. The act of translating such a rich and culturally nuanced text poses substantial challenges, as it involves the delicate balance of preserving the essence of the source text while making it accessible to a new linguistic and cultural context. In the process, the translator, whose native language is American English, is led to straddle domestication and exoticism, thus creating linguistic, semiotic, and syntactic variations in her rendition of the source language text. This paper attempts to assess the fidelity of the translation to the original work while scrutinizing the translator’s choices in capturing the intricate wordplay, colloquial expressions, metaphors, and narrative subtleties that are hallmarks of Jibanananda Das’s writing. This paper also examines the instances where the translation may inadvertently alter or dilute the original text’s impact and the implications of such alterations for readers of the translated work. Furthermore, this study delves into the emotional and cognitive dimensions of bilingual reading.

Keywords: Translation, Jibanananda, Whittington, Equivalence, challenges, domestication, foreignization, dynamic, reception.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History:Received: 21 February 2024. Revised: 05 June 2024. Accepted: 06 June 2024. First published: 07 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Bhattacharyya, S. & Sarbadhikary, M. G. (2024). The Rhetorical Uneasiness: A Study of Rebecca Whittington’s Translation of Jibanananda Das’s Malloban. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.15g

Employment Skills Revisited: A Qualitative Exploration of Multi-Stakeholder Perspective in China’s “3+1” Higher Education Context

Higher Education & Research/V16N22024

111 views

Wanyu Wang^1* , Muhammad Hussin² , Mohamad Zuber Abd. Majid³
¹Universiti Kebangssan Malaysia/Baicheng Normal University.
^2,3Affiliation: Universiti Kebangssan Malaysia.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.14g}
^{Full-Text PDF Issue Access}

Abstract

The issue of employment for university students is receiving significant attention in China, leading to educational reforms aimed at enhancing students’ employment skills and prospects. One such initiative is the “3+1” higher education programs, characterized by work-based learning. However, the effectiveness of this initiative falls short of expectations due to insufficient understanding of the up-to-date employment skills required by the industry. As such, this qualitative study explored stakeholders’ perceptions regarding the employment skills needed by students enrolled in “3+1” programs. Key challenges and strategies associated with developing students ‘ employment skills were identified through interviews with students, teachers, curriculum planners, industry leaders, and human resource professionals. Findings revealed a consensus among stakeholders on the importance of developing a holistic skill set, acquiring practical experience, increasing adaptability and resilience, embracing lifelong learning, and improving communication skills. Challenges included mismatches between academic learning and industry demands, limited industry exposure, soft skill deficiency, inadequate assessment, insufficient university-industry cooperation, and students’ low motivation, for which corresponding strategies were proposed. This study provides valuable insights into enhancing the employability of “3+1” graduates, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive education aligned with industry needs.

Keywords: Employment skills, higher education, “3+1” programs, stakeholders, China.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History:Received: 16 March 2024. Revised: 05 June 2024. Accepted: 06 June 2024. First published: 07 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Wang, W. & Hussin, M. & Majid, M. Z. A. (2024). Employment Skills Revisited: A Qualitative Exploration of Multi-Stakeholder Perspective in China’s “3+1” Higher Education Context. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.14g

Becoming a Tradition: Presentation of Ti Qin Opera in Funerals in Chongyang County, China

Cultural Studies/East Asia/Fine Arts & Visual Studies/V16N22024

90 views

Li Shijie^1* , Julia Chieng² , Chan Cheong Jan³
^1,2Department of Music, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia. *Corresponding author.
³Center for International Affairs, Tottori University.

^{Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.13g}
^{Full-Text PDF Issue Access}

Abstract:

Ti Qin Opera, a popular local performing art in Chongyang County, Hubei Province, China, was mainly performed during the birthday celebrations of the local people and the Chinese Spring Festival to enliven the atmosphere. However, in the last two decades, Ti Qin Opera has been frequently performed at funerals, forming a new practice—the mourning ritual—which has been widely accepted by the locals and has become a tradition. In this regard, two questions arise: Why does Ti Qin Opera appear at local funerals? How did the mourning ritual become a tradition? This study applies an ethnographic approach to investigate the performance of Ti Qin Opera at funerals. The emergence of the mourning ritual in funerals is attributed to the emotional need for filial piety and the local people’s competitive mentality. The family of the deceased believes that if other families hire a Ti Qin Opera troupe to perform the mourning ritual, their family should not miss out on holding this last event for the deceased. Ti Qin Opera performers rely on their reputation and prestige accumulated over the centuries, and acceptance by the locals is a key factor in making the mourning ritual a tradition. Increased economic status among the Chongyang people and, subsequently, better financial capacity to hire Ti Qin Opera troupes further contribute to the development of the mourning ritual tradition.

Keywords: Ti Qin Opera, mourning ritual, funeral, tradition.

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Funding: No funding was received for this research.
Article History: Received: 23 February 2024. Revised: 04 June 2024. Accepted: 04 June 2024. First published: 06 June 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author/s.
License: License Aesthetix Media Services, India. Distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Published by: Aesthetix Media Services, India
Citation: Li, S., Chieng, J., & Chan, C. J. (2024). Becoming a Tradition: Presentation of Ti Qin Opera in Funerals in Chongyang County, China. Rupkatha Journal 16:2. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v16n2.13g

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V16N22024 - Page 2

Loving and Terrible Mother: An Archetypal Redefinition of African Motherhood in Beloved

Unravelling the Ethical Enigma of Human Cloning in Nancy Farmer’s The House of the Scorpion

Acceptance of Sexual and Gender Minorities through Romance TV Drama Series with LGBT Characters: The Voices of College Students in Thailand

Precarious Lives of the Proletariat: Exploring the Human-Induced Catastrophe in the web series The Railway Men: The Untold Story of Bhopal 1984 (2023)

Exploring the Complexity of Mauli: An Analysis of Solidarity, Speech Community, Religion, and Gender in Marathi Address Term Usage

Navigating Multiple Burdens among Women in Government Service

Desiring audiences: We will go to the cinema if…?

The Rhetorical Uneasiness: A Study of Rebecca Whittington’s Translation of Jibanananda Das’s Malloban

Employment Skills Revisited: A Qualitative Exploration of Multi-Stakeholder Perspective in China’s “3+1” Higher Education Context

Becoming a Tradition: Presentation of Ti Qin Opera in Funerals in Chongyang County, China

V16N22024 - Page 2

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