Volume 12 Number 6 2020

Impact of Reading on the Biological Foundations of Language, Cognition, and Emotion

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Radhakrishnan Sriganesh1 and R. Joseph Ponniah2

1Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirapalli – 620015

2Professor of English, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli – 620015. ORCID: 0000-0002-0618-6788. Email: joseph@nitt.edu

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.09b

Abstract

The article explores the biology of reading and how reading influences the biological relationship among language, cognition, and emotion (LCE). Reading aids in the enhancement of LCE under the precondition that biological predispositions for reading ability and LCE, such as genetic makeup, epigenetic modifications and neuronal development are favourable. A conceptual model was developed to explain how reading incrementally enhances LCE. The model serves as a tool to understand the biological and pedagogical conditions through which reading helps in progressing through successive LCE levels. The article also proposes that this holistic perspective of reading, considering genetics, epigenetics, neuroscience, neuropsychology and pedagogy, paves way for targeted clinical and educational interventions for people with language learning difficulties/disability.

Keywords: biology of reading; epigenetics; synaptic plasticity; neurogenetics of reading

Evaluation Strategies and Tactics of immigration Issues in Social Media Discourse

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Nazira S. Iskakova1, Aibarsha Islam1

1Kazakh Ablai khan University of Foreign Relations and World Languages, Almaty, Muratbayev Str., 200, 050022, Kazakhstan.

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.29

Abstract

The article is aimed at studying the main evaluation strategies and tactics through contextual analysis of immigration problems in the British social media discourse. The article considers evaluation as a cognitive-pragmatic phenomenon and identifies it as a powerful means of persuasion for manipulating public opinion. The commutative strategies and tactics are defined as the main tools to achieve the author’s pragmatic intention and the goal. Thus, it has become relevant to identify what evaluation strategies and tactics the author uses to highlight immigration issues in British society. As a result, the diversity of examples allows us to conclude that a key evaluation strategy of British media discourse that presents the immigration issues is a strategy of disapproval, expressed through the tactics of a recognition of the existence of the problem, accusation, reproach, discredit, misunderstanding, doubt, indication of the future, disagreement and distancing that imply negative evaluation.

Key words: Evaluation, Evaluation strategy, Evaluation tactics, Manipulation, Media discourse.

Paroemias as Explication of Human Qualities in the English Language

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Elvira N. Azharbekova1, Shara Mazhitayeva1, Zhanar M. Omasheva2, Kamshat Toleubaeva1, Zhanar Talaspaeva3, Sholpan Zhetpisbay4

1Buketov Karaganda State University, Kazakhstan

2Karaganda State Medical University, Kazakhstan

3M. Kozybaev North Kazakhstan State University, Kazakhstan

4Karaganda State Technical University, Kazakhstan

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.28

Abstract

The article studies human qualities and cultural features through a zoomorphic cultural code. The authors analyzed English paroemias, which are the most distinctive and culture-specific language system, which contributes to define the native speaker’s worldview features. As a result of the analysis, the authors defined groups of paroemias in which the description of human qualities was found in paroemiological units and figurative content which are related to cultural and national features of the English ethnic group. A component analysis of denotative space of the English paroemias showed that the most relevant for the British are such zoomorphic images as: dog, sheep, cat, horse, ox. The cultural and linguistic specifics, based on paroemias studied, are implicit and serve to create the expressiveness and a figurative meaning and, therefore, are a part of the connotative macro-component. The study, presented here, consulted A. A. Khazan’s English paroemiological dictionary “Russian-English-Latin dictionary of winged words and expressions” (Smolensk: Rusich, 2001), ethnolinguistic and linguocultural scientific works. The target of research is zoonymous proverbs and sayings in the English language. The research focuses on proverbs and sayings zoonyms, in the semantics of which there are cultural and linguistic components characterizing human qualities. The research methods include descriptive, statistic, transformational, distributive and componential analyzes.

Keywords: semantics, English proverbs, English sayings, phraseological unit, lexeme, zoonym, zoomorphic image.

Review Article: Dalit Literature and Criticism by Raj Kumar

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755 views

Publisher: Orient BlackSwan
Year of Publication: 2019
ISBN:978-93-5287-532-0

Reviewed by
Dr. Shahida
Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, NIT Kurukshetra. Email: shahida2709@gmail.com

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.27r

Extract

The term ‘Dalit’ refers to a particular group or community in India which have been ostracized, exploited and humiliated due caste structure and social order ardently followed in India. The etymology of the word ‘Dalit’ can be traced to the root word dal in Sanskrit and dalan in Hindi meaning ‘broken down’ or ‘broken to pieces.’ It is believed that Jotibarao Phule (1826-90) first used the term to describe condition of outcastes and untouchables in India. Later, the term was popularized by B.R. Ambedkar as he used it profusely in his speeches and writings in Marathi. The term gained new meaning in 1970s, a period of literary and cultural boom that witnessed the birth of Dalit literature and in the present, the term refers to belated recognition of the Dalit’s militant claims upon a history of humiliation and suffering (Rao, 11).

Since its origin Dalit Literature has emerged as a form of social resistance literature principally aimed at community identity formation and bringing about political and economic changes among the Dalit population. Arjun Dangle, the Marathi Dalit writer, editor and activist suggests, “Dalit literature is marked by revolt and negativism, since it is closely associated with the hopes for freedom by a group of people, who as untouchables, are victims of social, economic and cultural inequality” (Trans. Mukhherjee; 1). Dangle traces the origin of Dalit literature to Ambedkar. It was his revolutionary ideas that encouraged Dalits to speak for themselves and therefore Dalit literature is an expression of this self- awareness; an assertion for a dignified life.

English Language Teaching: Exploring Enhanced Employability through Soft Skills

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375 views

Kabita Kumari Dash1, SwayamPrabha Satpathy2, Susanta Kumar Dash3

1Srusti Academy of Management

2Associate Professor, SOA University. Email: dr.swayam.prava@gmail.com

3OUAT

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.27

Abstract

250 under graduates and management students of SOA University of 1st year, taken at random, were selected  as subjects in this case study. 3 groups comprising of 30 students in each at random were given training on soft skill viz. grammar, vocabulary and speaking ability with 1 credit hour as extra class on Saturday during course curriculum Rest 160 students in same batch were taken as control. After one year of the of the final examination, means with incubation period of one year after the training period, it was found that 22(73.33%),18(60.0%),and 28(93.33%) students belonging to Grammar, Vocabulary and Speaking ability group, respectively  got a placement in the campus selection. The overall placement in the batch of students under trial was estimated as 105(42.0%) and the students without soft skill training was as low as 37(23.13%), recorded in control group.

Key words: Communication, Employability, Language, Placement, Soft skill, Training

Hair in Exile: Manifestations of Displacement, Difference, and Belongingness through Hair in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah

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Shuchi1 & Josephine Ramdinmawii Zote2

1Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Mizoram, shuchi.nitmz@gmail.com , ORCID- 0000-0002-8490-3631

2Research Scholar, Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Mizoram, joseyhearts@gmail.com, ORCID- 0000-0002-2368-3436

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.26

Abstract

One familiar phenomenon that is often found in diasporic identities is the preconceived idealization of their host lands prior to their displacement. Once disillusioned from this fantasy, the realities of their inhospitable surroundings set in, and a grave sense of displacement and nostalgia for their homelands continue to materialize. Such people often seek for a sense of home and communal consciousness connected to their homelands. In the case of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah (2013), this connection manifests, and is explored by the protagonist, principally through hair. Americanah (2013) guides us through the discovery of, and inquiry into, the intricacies of race, gender, and identity by Ifemelu with her venture into a host country whose social and political history has put in front of her an unfamiliar identity to adopt. This paper attempts to trace the protagonist’s experiences of displacement and existence in relation to the dominant community in her host country, as well as her discovery of a symbolic community where she adopts a new form of communal consciousness. Through a narrative that takes us back and forth different continents, showing us the difference between what it is like to be black in Nigeria and in America, Adichie shows us the impossibility to successfully encapsulate heterogeneous identities into an all-encompassing category of race. This paper explores the dynamics of differences as projected through the issue of identity with an emphasis on the subject of hair politics in Americanah (2013).

Keywords: Displacement, hair, diaspora, home, race, identity.

A New Study on the Contemporary Aesthetics based on the “Applied Ontology” Theory of Roger Pouivet

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Hoda Zabolinezhad1 & Parisa Shad Qazvini2

1PhD, Post-doc researcher at Alzahra University of Tehran, Phd in Visual Arts from University of Strasbourg (France), H.zabolinejad@alzahra.ac.ir, tarzaboli@gmail.com

2 PhD, Assist. Prof. At Faculty of Arts, Alzahra University of Tehran, shad@alzahra.ac.ir

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.25 

Abstract

This article, based on Roger Pouivet’s “Applied Ontology” Theory, studies the effect of Warhol’s Brilloo soap boxes. The work was challenged at the time of its performance and could not convince the art world of accepting it, as an artwork. The research questions of this article are: 1. In the contemporary period, what aesthetic criteria turn a human work into an artwork? 2. According to Pouivete’s “Applied Ontology” Theory, how and with what approach is contemporary work of art considered as the personal symbolism of the artist and how is the governing aesthetics read? The hypothesis of the article is that the work of art in any way includes formal and content symbolism. Basically, in the contemporary period, the artist’s personal symbolism plays a finishing role in the creation of the artwork by mixing with already known collective symbols in a culture. The result suggests that in Contemporary Aesthetics, a work is recognized as a work of art when it is debated and exchanged without the need for consensus among art experts. The research method of this article is analytical-qualitative which has been done by collecting library information and virtual documents.

Keywords: Contemporary Aesthetics, Applied Ontology Theory, Andy Warhol, Art Criticism, Audience Reading

The Image of Syncretic Javanese Women in Digdo Irianto’s Paintings

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297 views

Nanang Yulianto1, Narsen Afatara2, Bani Sudardi3 & Warto4

1Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, nanangfirel@yahoo.co.id

2Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, narsen-afatara@yahoo.com

3Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, banisudardi@yahoo.co.id

4Universitas sebelas Maret, Indonesia, warto-file@yahoo.com

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.24 

Abstract

Through his paintings, Digdo Irianto unveils figures of Javanese women showing an expressive, bold and open face and body gestures. His imagination was based on a cultural change observed in Surakarta society which is heavily dominated by syncretic characteristics, evoking Javanese traditional cultures and modern culture. His conceptual imagination indicates his desire to put a woman in an honorable position where the body can be interpreted as a medium meant to sow and revive a dry soul following the presence of image embedded in modern life. Javanese women can synergize the spirit and essence of Javanese cultural values which uphold philosophical ??and practical, materialistic modern culture.

Keywords: Imagination, Javanese women, paintings, syncretic culture

A Feminist Reading of Filipino Women Poets

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Jennie V. Jocson, PhD

Philippine Normal University, Philippines. ORCID: 0000-0002-0042-2962. Email: jocson.jenniev@gmail.com

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.23 

Abstract

This paper draws on ideas from a shared identity of Filipino women writers. While a shift in 21st Century feminist reading, mainly the slant that to think about woman is also to think about gender, has become available for interrogation and re-inscription, the study on Filipino woman as a construct and a subject of self-representation of contemporary Filipino poetry remains scarce. Drawing at how women and their experiences were represented in select poems written by 4 contemporary women poets, this paper explored common patterns of women imaging using textual and thematic analysis, alongside French feminism expounded by the arguments of Helene Cixous, Luce Irigaray, and Julia Kristeva. The findings revealed that women poets’ rhetoric, awakening, resistance, and call to action had redefined women experience as a collective whole. Collective as they seem, the poems established a strong articulation of a feminist stance, which is a resistance against subversion and marginality. The paper is of relevance both to feminist scholars and others with practical interests in women poetry as it will enable them to better understand Filipino women experience and its representation in verse.

Keywords: Filipino women, feminist, poetry, representation, imaging.

Reconstruction of the Costume Elements of the Shilikty “Golden Man”

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Abdesh Toleubayev1, Rinat Zhumatayev2 & Samat Shakenov3

1,2,3Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Republic of Kazakhstan.

Correspondence: zhumatayevr@gmail.com

 Volume 12, Number 6, 2020 I Full Text PDF

DOI: 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n6.21

 Abstract

The article contains the reconstruction of the Shilikty “Golden Man” clothing based on multidisciplinary studies of the archeological material from the royal kurgan “Baigetobe” in the Tarbagatai foothills. The authors describe in detail the reconstruction of the anthropological appearance and the results of studying organic samples from the burial complex, as well as explain the final shape of royal attire and justify the details and components of the reconstructed costume. The methodological basis of the study is the systemic approach that allows one to view the categories of the Saka royal clothing as profound systems. Within the approach, the methodology and the recreation of ancient royal clothing rely on a wide range of analogies from Eurasian Saka-Scythian monuments and ethnographic materials. Based on these monuments and materials, the authors have established that certain elements in the clothing of early nomads of Kazakhstan have more in common with the clothing of neighboring tribes of Asian steppes in the early Iron Age. This is evident in the cut, detailing and the décor of clothing recovered from such monuments as Pazyryk, Katanda, Tuyekta and Akalakha. The methodological challenge to study clothing based on archeological data is primarily related to the condition of the source. The authors briefly characterize the organic probes from the kurgan burial chamber that have been studied using regular and digital microscopes and conclude that the clothing of the Shilikty Man was colorful. Within the framework of multidisciplinary research, the authors have conducted an anthropological study of the skeletal remains and the sculptural reconstruction of the person from the Baigetobe kurgan. Anthropologically, this person belongs to the mixed Caucasoid and Mongoloid type with prevalent Caucasoid elements, which agrees with the anthropological features of the ancient population of Central Asia in the early Iron Age. Therefore, gold jewelry, the quality of fabrics and the multilevel burial structure confirm the high profile of the Shilikty Golden Man. The conclusions and results can be used for the reconstruction of the composite image of the nomadic nobility in Central Asia in the early Saka period.

Keywords: Shilikty, Tarbagatai, reconstruction, Saka-Scythian world, clothing, Golden Man.

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