V15N42023

Patient’s Consent and Autonomy in Jerry Pinto’s Em and the Big Hoom

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Nimisha Tiwari1*   & Aratrika Das2  
1,2 School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India. *Corresponding author.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.18
[Article History: Received: 02 June 2023. Revised: 24 December 2023. Accepted: 25 December 2023. Published: 26 December 2023]
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Abstract

This paper addresses the idea of patient consent in the Indian mental health care system. Mental hospitals tend to treat patients as machines. The personhood of the sufferer is treated as invalid. The paper argues that the conventional clinical practice dehumanizes patients, neglecting their autonomy and perpetuating the stigma associated with a psychiatric diagnosis. In contrast, through the narrative voice of Imelda’s son, Jerry Pinto’s novel Em and the Big Hoom (2012) intimately intertwines the experiences of mental illness within the broader context of familial struggles. Em refuses to become a mere statistic or a diagnostic label, embodying the agency to shape her narrative beyond the constraints of clinical definitions. The novel challenges the flawed clinical gaze and provides an alternative narrative that portrays an ambitious woman who does not succumb to the definitions of her illness. These alternative narratives resist reductionist perspectives, offering a more comprehensive understanding of mental illness that transcends clinical definitions. This paper critically examines the novel’s portrayal of patient autonomy and consent, shedding light on the implications for mental health care practices in India. It explores how the text serves as a catalyst for reevaluating conventional clinical perspectives and fosters a more compassionate and patient-centric mental health care system.

Keywords: Patient’s consent, autonomy, mental illness, caregivers, illness narratives.

Sustainable Development Goals: Better Education; Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
Citation: Tiwari, N & Das, A. (2023). Patient’s Consent and Autonomy in Jerry Pinto’s Em and the Big Hoom. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.18 

Hallucinations in ChatGPT: An Unreliable Tool for Learning

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674 views

Zakia Ahmad1* , Wahid Kaiser2 & Sifatur Rahim3  
1,2,3 Department of English, University of Asia Pacific – UAP, Dhaka, Bangladesh. *Corresponding author.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.17
[Article History: Received: 30 October 2023. Revised: 17 December 2023. Accepted: 18 December 2023. Published: 19 December 2023]
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Abstract

Recently, ChatGPT has been upgraded to its newer version for its unsubscribed users – ChatGPT 3.5. Though ChatGPT has become an astonishing phenomenon all over the world for creating realistic texts within seconds, it can disseminate wrong information and misconceptions. Technical experts have identified this problem as hallucination. This paper has examined ChatGPT’s ability to differentiate between correct and incorrect relations in the questions that are set to it. It has also explored the efficacy of ChatGPT in helping students acquire linguistic and literary proficiency. The study took the form of exploratory interpretive research. The participants of the research study were students studying English at the undergraduate level. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, FGDs, and input provided to ChatGPT. All data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings of this research indicate that ChatGPT tends to provide inconsistent information when a series of contextual questions are asked. Because of this hallucination, ChatGPT becomes an unreliable source for language and literature learning.

Keywords: ChatGPT, hallucination, language learning, literature learning, reliability.

Sustainable Development Goals: Better Education
Citation: Ahmad, Z., Kaiser, W. & Rahim, S. (2023) Hallucinations in ChatGPT: An Unreliable Tool for Learning. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.17 

Why do Words with Negative Connotations Still Exist? A Corpus-Based Analysis of the Words ‘Handicapped’, ‘Diffable’, and ‘Disability’

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280 views

Yoga Yolanda1*  & Budi Setyono2    
1 Study Program of Indonesian Language and Literature Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia. *Corresponding author.
2Study Program of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.15
[Article History: Received: 15 September 2023. Revised: 08 December 2023. Accepted: 18 December 2023. Published: 19 December 2023]
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Abstract

This corpus-based study examines the persistence of negatively connoted words in the Indonesian, particularly focusing on cacat (handicapped). Cacat is compared to its synonyms, namely difabel (difable) and disabilitas (disability). The study employs a mixed-methods approach, using data from Indonesian corpora, specifically ‘ind_mixed_2013’ and ‘Korpus Indonesia.’ The analysis results indicate a gradual transition from the use of the word cacat to disabilitas in discussions about human conditions, while cacat still retains important metaphorical meanings in specific contexts and is irreplaceable. Recommendations encompass a review of language term absorption rules in Indonesian, stipulating that new words must be euphemistic and free from negative connotations, to be undertaken by the government.

Keywords: handicapped, difable, disability, synonyms, negative connotations

Sustainable Development Goals: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
Citation: Yolanda, Y. & Setyono, B. (2023 Why do Words with Negative Connotations Still Exist? A Corpus-Based Analysis of the Words ‘Handicapped’, ‘Diffable’, and ‘Disability’. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.15 

Architectural Space and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Arkady Martine’s Rose House: Reading Spatiality and AI/Human Dichotomies

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319 views

Ritu Ranjan Gogoi  
Assistant Professor, Dept. of English, Mahapurusha Srimanta Sankaradeva Viswavidyalaya (MSSV).

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.16
[Article History: Received: 30 October 2023. Revised: 17 December 2023. Accepted: 18 December 2023. Published: 18 December 2023]
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Abstract

Sci-fi literature has become an important genre that explores and reflects on the societal anxieties, ethical quandaries, and existential threats concerning the trajectory of AI advancements, possibilities, and consequences of AI technologies. The objective of this article is to highlight the intersection of architectural space and artificial intelligence in Arkady Martine’s sci-fi novella Rose House (2023). A critical reading of Martine’s text reveals the poetics of space juxtaposed with the issues and complexities of artificial intelligence that unfolds new paradigms in which the relationship between people and place, space and being, the binaries of human and the non-human (AI) can be contemplated within a posthumanist framework of Rosi Braidotti and Heidegger’s notion of being. Moreover, the article utilizes the ideas of space syntax theory, and Henri Lefebvre’s ideas of space to analyze how spatial configurations (real and imagined) have an impact on human behaviour and actions in shaping space while interacting with artificial intelligence within the spatial dimensions of a house.

Keywords: Sci-fi, Artificial intelligence, architectural space, house, human, posthuman, spatial, being.

Sustainable Development Goals: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
Citation: Gogoi, R. R. (2023). Architectural Space and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Arkady Martine’s Rose House: Reading Spatiality and AI/Human Dichotomies. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.16 

Artificial Intelligence (AF) in Human Fantasy: The Birth of a New Subject in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun

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335 views

Sharifa Akter1*    & Niger Afroz Islam 2  
1,2 Department of English, University of Asia Pacific. *Corresponding author.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.14
[Article History: Received: 29 October 2023. Revised: 17 December 2023. Accepted: 18 December 2023. Published: 18 December 2023.]
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Abstract

In Klara and the Sun (2021), the Nobel Prize-winning Japanese-British writer Kazuo Ishiguro fantasizes about an unspecified future world of possibilities for life with Artificial Intelligence. This novel raises complex questions about the notion of intelligent life, the fantasy of transcending the limits of nature, the future of the social bond, and the constitution of human emotions. This study portrays the unconscious fears, fantasies, and fascination created in the novel’s plot, centred on the solar-powered AF (Artificial Friend). The novelty of this paper is to show how Klara, the Artificial Friend, the humanoid, traverses the Imaginary, Symbolic, and Real and becomes a new Lacanian subject. The careful explanation of the study attempts to chart the impact of a new subject on human fantasy in society and culture from Zizek’s concept of Ideological Fantasy. It explores how subjects lose their internal being when their lives are entirely commodified and exploited as a component of capitalism. Finally, Ishiguro ends his novel where the being (nature) owns over the thing (commodity). This paper will also attempt to enlist the impact of dystopian fiction on society and culture. Hence, in conclusion, this study explores a constructive approach to understanding human fantasy and acknowledges the text as a scope that meets interdisciplinary promises.

Keywords: Artificial Friend (AF), Lacanian Subjectivity Formation, Ideological Fantasy, Desire.

Sustainable Development Goals: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
Citation: Akter, S. & Islam, N.A. (2023). Artificial Intelligence (AF) in Human Fantasy: The Birth of a New Subject in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.14 

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Large Language Model-based Tools in Language Teaching to Develop Critical Thinking and Sustainable Cognitive Structures

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319 views

Sindhu Joseph1  
1Research Scholar Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.13
[Article History: Received: 07 October 2023. Revised: 05 December 2023. Accepted: 07 December 2023. Published: 18 December 2023]
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Abstract

Experts assert that Large Language Model (LLM) based tools like ChatGPT are the next generation in the evolution of Artificial Intelligence and will permeate all walks of human life including education. The current narrative is that we need to embed the LLM-based tools into the system taking advantage of their personalised, dynamic, adaptive nature while being mindful of their limitations. One of the greatest limitations so far identified is that these pre-trained transformer-based encoder models fine-tuned on Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks do not reveal verifiable reasoning ability. As a result, the information generated by these tools is subject to ethical and factual errors that need human oversight. This paper uses the integrative literature review to identify and synthesize Critical Digital Literacy frameworks in language teaching in the light of the essential competencies and learning domains identified by the UNESCO Education for Sustainable Development directives. The Critical AI Literacy framework proposed in this paper would enable language teachers to adopt LLM-based tools to enhance their instructional strategies. The cognitive, affective and conative competencies developed through the new CAIL framework would empower learners to understand the manipulative nature of language and use language to build a sustainable future.

Keywords: Critical AI Literacy, English, Language Teaching, Education for Sustainable Development.

Sustainable Development Goals: Better Education
Citation: Joseph, S. (2023). Large Language Model-based Tools in Language Teaching to Develop Critical Thinking and Sustainable Cognitive Structures. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.13 

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AI Take-Over in Literature and Culture: Truth, Post-Truth, and Simulation

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386 views

Sumanta Pramanik1*  & Shri Krishan Rai2  
1,2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.12
[Article History: Received: 30 October 2023. Revised: 09 December 2023. Accepted: 10 December 2023. Published: 18 December 2023]
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Abstract

In a world that is increasingly lost to narrative building, deep fakes, simulation of realities and dissemination of fake news generated by artificial intelligence (AI), we are moving towards a post-truth era. Our thoughts are being manipulated and twisted with (mis)information for the benefit of people in power; thus, our consent is being manufactured with the aid of AI, resulting in ideological imperialism. In such a scenario, when AI is slowly taking control over the planet and creating our digital replicas by cloning our consciousness, what will our future look like? Humans’ creative pursuits have already predicted such futures in various movies, comics, novels and web series depicting the myriad complications associated with an impending AI takeover. Thus, contextualising today’s scenario within the scope of the future, the paper aims to dissect some popular speculative narratives offered through various tissues of culture, including movies, comics, novels and web series, to comprehend the consequences those narratives generate to grasp the changing relationalities between real and unreal, and truth and post-truth in a world run in codes and simulation.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), post-truth, simulation, surveillance, ideological imperialism, speculative narratives.

Sustainable Development Goals: Better Education
Citation: Pramanik, S. & Rai, S.K. (2023). AI Take-Over in Literature and Culture: Truth, Post-Truth, and Simulation. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.12 

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AI in the Higher Military Institutions: Challenges and Perspectives for Military Engineering Training

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289 views

Viktor Chmyr1*  & Nataliya Bhinder2  
1Department of Engineering and Technical Support, Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine. *Corresponding author.
2European Institute of Knowledge and Innovation, London, United Kingdom.

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.11
[Article History: Received: 31 October 2023. Revised: 06 December 2023. Accepted: 07 December 2023. Published: 14 December 2023]
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Abstract

Recognizing the peculiarities of the current system of military education and considering the necessity of rapid modernization of military engineering training, HMIs need to implement innovative technologies to enhance the educational process. The purpose was to present a detailed analysis of the implementation of AI technologies while training future military engineering officers, to outline the existing strategies, and to develop possible strategies to enhance the educational process through AI technologies. To achieve the research purpose, we conducted open and closed-ended surveys among 154 instructors through five questionnaires to address the research questions. The answers were studied using conventional content analysis and statistical data processing. The results revealed basic directions for using AI in military engineering training and possible AI applications for the formation of professional competencies among future military engineering officers. But, meanwhile, the findings indicate that the process of military engineering training is facing several challenges complicating the implementation of AI-driven transformations. To overcome the existing challenges of AI and elaborate the applicable recommendations for the implementation of AI in the HMIs, we outlined the strategies for the enhancement of military engineering training through AI technologies.

Keywords: AI, higher military institution (HMI), military engineering training, AI technology, application, AI-based methodology.

Sustainable Development Goals: Better Education
Citation: Chmyr, V. & Bhinder, N. (2023). AI in the Higher Military Institutions: Challenges and Perspectives for Military Engineering Training. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.11 

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Breaking the Bias: Gender Fairness in LLMs Using Prompt Engineering and In-Context Learning

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477 views

Satyam Dwivedi1* , Sanjukta Ghosh2 , Shivam Dwivedi3
1,2,3 HSS, IIT BHU, India. *Corresponding author. 

Rupkatha Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.10
[Article History: Received: 31 October 2023. Revised: 06 December 2023. Accepted: 07 December 2023. Published: 14 December 2023]
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Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been identified as carriers of societal biases, particularly in gender representation. This study introduces an innovative approach employing prompt engineering and in-context learning to rectify these biases in LLMs. Through our methodology, we effectively guide LLMs to generate more equitable content, emphasizing nuanced prompts and in-context feedback. Experimental results on openly available LLMs such as BARD, ChatGPT, and LLAMA2-Chat indicate a significant reduction in gender bias, particularly in traditionally problematic areas such as ‘Literature’. Our findings underscore the potential of prompt engineering and in-context learning as powerful tools in the quest for unbiased AI language models.

Keywords: Prompt engineering, In-context learning, Gender bias, Large Language Models, Equitable content, Bias mitigation strategies.

Sustainable Development Goals: Gender Equality
Citation: Dwivedi, S., Ghosh, S., Dwivedi, S. (2023). Breaking the Bias: Gender Fairness in LLMs Using Prompt Engineering and In-Context Learning. Rupkatha Journal 15:4. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n4.10 

A Resolution

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69 views

Dr. S. Panda1 and ChatGPT
1 Associate Prof. English, XIM University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Image credit: Microsoft Image Creator. Created by using words from the poem.

A Resolution

In the obscurity of mist,
A rat scurries, lost in the city.
Its willy mind, sharp and shrewd,
Yearns still to thrive
In the art of finding crumbs,
A sign of duplicity besetting breathing.

In the shadows, lurks a wolf,
A predator keen and hungry.
Feeds on innocence, deceptive and cool.
Yet the rat knows the wolf,
And a rebellion is born.

It must rise with might,
A clash must occur to end the chaos.
Humanity watches, torn and indeterminate,
The rat, the wolf, the smart, the weak,
All entangled in a struggle so grim.

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